Patofisiologi tension type headache pdf

Headache classification committee of the international. Pain is usually mild to moderate and is felt on both sides of the head. Eight and two were diagnosed with tensiontype and probable tensiontype headache, respectively. Frequent episodic tensiontype headache at least 10 episodes of headache occurring on average 114 days per month for more than 3 months. An optimal reading and support relevant research in the area. Headache classification by etiology and pathophysiology. The typical presentation of a tth attack is that of a mild to moderate intensity, bilateral, nonthrobbing headache without other associated features.

Epidemiology of tensiontype headache headache jama. Salah satu teori yang dominan pada patofisiologi tth adalah adanya. It may feel like a constant ache that affects both sides of the head. Nyeri kepala karena tegang yang menimbulkan nyeri akibat kontraksi menetap otot otot kulit kepala, dahi, dan.

The national headache society recognizes two general groups of headache primary and secondary national headache foundation, 1996. Tension type headaches are the most common, affecting upwards of 75% of all headache sufferers. In the us population, the estimated annual prevalence for episodic tensiontype headache is 38. Selain itu, pasien tidak menderita gangguan penyakit lain seperti. Tensiontype headache is a highly prevalent condition that can be disabling. Menerangkan kriteria diagnostik nyeri kepala migrain, tth dan cluster. Tensiontype headaches make up 23 of all chronic headaches. The three most common of those types of primary headaches are tension, cluster, and migraine headaches. They are commonly referred to as stress headaches a tension headache may appear periodically episodic, less than 15 days.

Pathophysiology of migraine american headache society. Pathophysiology of tensiontype headache springerlink. Prevalensi migraine bervariasi menurut umur dan jenis kelamin. A tensiontype headache is the most common type of headache and the one we think of as a normal everyday headache. Advances in basic pain and clinical research have improved our understanding of pathophysiologic mechanisms of tensiontype headache.

It can be categorized into three subtypes according to the international classification of headache disorders based on headache frequency. Tth is the most common type of chronic recurring head pain. Berdasarkan klasifikasi internasional nyeri kepala edisi 2 dari international headache society ihs yang terbaru tahun 2004, nyeri kepala primer terdiri atas migraine, tension type headache, cluster headache dan other trigeminalautonomic cephalalgias dari other primary. Excellent book containing updated research on tensiontype headache and cervicogenic, with optimal organization of the chapter by relevant topics, from the neurophysiological basis of all components that involve pain to the main research treatments for these types of headache.

The use of placebo is justifiable in high quality trials or if the scientific question cannot be resolved without. Patofisiologi tension type headache masih belum jelas diketahui. This fact is important when considering the treatment of headache. Pain often radiates to the neck muscles and is described as tightness, pressure, or dull ache. Patofisiologi tension type headache tth masih belum diketahui sepenuhnya, namun diduga berhubungan dengan kontraksi serta aktivasi. Advances in basic pain and clinical research have improved our understanding of increased excitability of the central nervous system generated by repetitive and sustained pericranial myofascial input may be responsible for the transformation of episodic tensiontype headache into the chronic form. Tensiontype headache is one of the most common primary headache disorders. Guidelines for trials of drug treatments in tensiontype headache 7 should be performed in accordance with the latest version of the declaration of helsinki. Migrainetype features unilateral, throb bing pain, nausea, photophobia are not present.

As many as 90% of adults have had tensiontype headache these headaches are typically a steady ache rather than a throbbing one, and affect both sides of the head distracting but usually not debilitating. Headache attributed to cranial andor cervical vascular disorder 73 7. Tension type headache danish headache centertype headache nonpharmacological and pharmacological treatment lars bendtsen associate professor, md, phd, dr med sci danish headache center, department of neurology glostrup hospital, univers ity of copenhagen, denmark european headache school, belgrade, may, 2012 treatment 1200 bc drawing by p. Definisi tth adalah sakit kepala yang terasa seperti tekanan atau ketegangan di dalam dan disekitar kepala. Infrequent episodic tensiontype headache less than one day of headache per month. Nyeri kepala tipe tegang atau tension type headache tth adalah nyeri kepala yang. Types of headaches while headaches can be caused by medical conditions, injuries, or infections, they are sometimes not due to a specific disease or other identified medical condition.

The underlying cause of tensiontype headache is uncertain. Tension headache, also known as stress headache, is the most common type of primary headache. Tth affected quality of life especially in young adults as well as university student. Tension headaches are the most common type of headaches among adults. Neuronal calciumchannels mediate serotonin 5ht release within the midbrain 2. Published estimates of the prevalence of tensiontype headache vary over a wide range from 1. Tensiontype headache is characterized by recurrent episodes of relatively nondisabling headache with few, if any, associated features. Symptoms include dull, nonpulsatile, bilateral, constricting pain not severe. Tensiontype headache symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. Tensiontype headache tth is the most common form of headache. Headache attributed to trauma or injury to the head andor neck 64 6. Headache overview types, signs and symptoms, treatment. In international headache society classification ichd ii, tension type headaches have been divided into two forms, episodic etth and chronic ctth first digit.

Episodic tension headaches are by far the most common type of headache. Probable tension type headache episodik yang frequent c. This type of headache is bilateral and usually occipitofrontal. Tinjauan pustaka tension type headache dito anurogo neuroscience. Guidelines for trials of drug treatments in tensiontype. Chronic tensiontype headache 2 2 introduction tensiontype headache tth is the most common type of headache and has a high socioeconomic impact 1. Tensiontype headaches can be either episodic or chronic. The division of tensiontype headache into episodic and chronic types adopted by the first edition of the international. Tension type headache tth, atau disebut juga sakit kepala tegang, adalah tipe nyeri kepala yang paling sering terjadi pada populasi umum. Unlike migraine, there is no significant nausea, no vomiting, and a lack of ag.

Menerangkan patofisiologi nyeri kepala migrain dan tension type headache tth. Frequent episodic tension type headache paling tidak terdapat 10 episode serangan dalam 1 15 haribulan dalam waktu paling tidak selama 3 bulan atau 12 180hari pertahunnya, nyeri kepala berakhir. Bahan ajar i tension headache nama mata kuliahbobot sks. Headache visual aura most common zigzag lines and scintillating images paresthesias and visual field defects precedes headache develops over 520 minutes can last up to 60 minutes aura anxiety, irritability, euphoria, or drowsiness sensitive to sound, light, or smell hours to days prior to headache prodrome phase time course symptoms table 1. Disebut chronic tensiontype headache jika seseorang menderita sakit kepala dengan frekuensi ratarata 15 hari dalam sebulan atau 180 hari dalam setahun selama 6 bulan, dan memiliki tandatanda seperti episodic tensiontype headache. Tensiontype headache tth is the most prevalent headache in the general population, and the secondmost prevalent disorder in the world.

This discovery has important implications for the pathophysiology of migraine. A wide variation in the prevalence of tensiontype headaches has been documented in different studies owing to varying methodologies. There was a negative correlation between the total sf36 and hit6 scores spearmans correlation. Tensiontype headache typically causes pain that radiates in a bandlike fashion bilater ally from the forehead to the occiput. It can be categorized into three subtypes according to the international classification of. The three basic categories of primary headache are tension, migraine and cluster. At least 10 episodes fulfilling following criteria headache lasting 30 mins to 7 days has 2 at least 2 of the following bilateral location pressingtightening nonpulsating quality mild or moderate intensity not aggravated by physical activity such as walking or climbing stairs no nausea or vomiting patofisiologi tension type headache. Tension type headache tth is the most commen headache especially in adult 3078%. Patofisiologi tension type headache tth patofisiologi tth masih belum jelas diketahui.

Activation of hyperexcitable peripheral afferent neurons from head and neck muscles is the most likely explanation for episodes of infrequent tensiontype headache. They occur only irregularly and usually do not necessitate a visit to a physician. Primary headaches are typically recurrent without known pathology or cause. Tensiontype headache definition tensiontype headache tth is the most common form of headache. Headache pathway adults ndph key points red flags most headache is migraine intermittent or chronic probably up to 90% stress, sinuses, eyesight are not usually causes of headaches moh is common and underdiagnosed. The prevalence of primary headaches such as migraine and tensiontype headaches tth are much higher than cgh and clinicians need to be equipped with the knowledge to differentially diagnose between these conditions, understand the diagnostic criteria for cgh, and identify red flags for other causes of secondary headache and sinister pathology. It is also one of the most neglected headache types and 2, in its chronic form, chronic tension type headache ctth is one of the most difficult types of headache to treat 1. The common headache found is tension type headache tth. The pain can radiate from the lower back of the head, the neck, eyes or other muscle groups in the body typically affecting both sides of the head. The chronic type cch is defined by attacks that occur daily for more than one year without remission or with remission periods lasting less than 14 days. The present study aim at studying the effect on tth of various biofeedback technique like emg and.

Peningkatan eksitabilitas dari sistem saraf pusat oleh adanya input myofascial perifer mungkin menyebabkan transformasi dari episodik menjadi tension type headache kronik ashina cit sjahrir, 2008. Temukan segala yang ditawarkan scribd, termasuk buku dan buku audio dari penerbitpenerbit terkemuka. Tth ditandai dengan episode berulang dari nyeri kepala dengan manifestasi berupa nyeri kepala yang menekan atau menyempit, intensitas ringan hingga sedang pada kedua sisi kepala, dan tidak dipengaruhi aktivitas. The pathophysiology of tensiontype headache when making a diagnosis of tensiontype headache, the following factors are particularly important. Increased excitability of the central nervous system generated by repetitive and sustained pericranial myofascial input may be responsible for the transformation of. Other articles where tension headache is discussed. Tensiontype headache is the most common primary headache, with a lifetime prevalence of between 30% and 78%. Sesuai namanya, cluster yang berarti pengelompokan, nyeri kepala tipe cluster melibatkan nyeri kepala yang terkelompokkelompok, biasanya berlangsung selama beberapa minggu. Pada beberapa literatur dan hasil penelitian disebutkan beberapa keadaan yang berhubungan dengan terjadinya tth sebagai berikut. Occurs in a large proportion of the population, has little impact on the person and is usually selfmanaged.